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Home » 《引支勒》被篡改了!《圣训》怎么说?

《引支勒》被篡改了!《圣训》怎么说?

我们看到,《古兰经》说,《圣经》中的《讨拉特》、《宰逖爾》和《引支勒》没有被篡改。《古兰经》明确指出,在先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 时代,引支勒的追随者仍然拥有真主的信息。他生活在公元 600 年左右,因此在那之前不可能有被篡改。同时,今天还存在着成千上万份抄写员在那之前很久写的手稿。所以我们也知道,在先知穆罕默德时代之后,没有人篡改过《引支勒》。

《古兰经》还宣称,引支勒的原始信息就是真主的话语。《古兰经》接着指出,没有人可以改变或歪曲真主的话语。由于这两个说法都是正确的,这意味着没有人可以歪曲《圣经》(《讨拉特》、《宰逋尔》和《引支勒》=《圣经》)的话语。

先知穆罕默德(PBUH)和圣经

在这里,我们研究圣训和圣训对这一主题的看法。这些圣训肯定了先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 时代《讨拉特》和《引支勒》的存在和使用:

“Khadija [他的妻子] 随后陪同他 [先知 – PBUH] 去见她的表妹 Waraqa …,后者在前伊斯兰时期成为基督徒,习惯用希伯来字母书写。他会用希伯来语书写《福音书》中的内容,只要真主希望他书写。” 《布哈里圣训》第 1 卷,第 1 册,第 3 号

阿布·胡莱拉叙述道:……信奉天经的人用希伯来语阅读《托拉》,并用阿拉伯语向穆斯林解释。安拉的使者说:“你们不要相信信奉天经的人,也不要不信他们,而要说:‘我们信仰安拉和所降示的一切……’”  《布哈里圣训》第 9 卷,第 96 册,第 89 号

犹太人来到安拉的使者面前,告诉他,他们中间有一男一女犯了非法性交。安拉的使者对他们说:“你们在《托拉》中发现什么关于石刑的法定惩罚?”他们回答说:“(但是)我们宣布他们的罪行并鞭打他们。”阿卜杜拉·本·萨拉姆说:“你在撒谎;《托拉》包含统治的命令。”……统治的经文写在那里。他们说:“穆罕默德说的是实话;《托拉》中有统治的经文。《  布哈里圣训》第 4 卷,第 56 册,第 829 号

阿卜杜拉·伊本·欧麦尔叙述:……一群犹太人前来,邀请安拉使者 (PBUH) 到库夫。……他们说:“阿布卡西姆,我们的一个男人与一个女人通奸;所以请对他们进行审判。”他们为安拉使者 (PBUH) 放了一个坐垫,安拉使者坐在上面说:“把《托拉》拿来。”然后,使者拿来了《托拉》。然后,安拉使者从身下抽出坐垫,将《托拉》放在上面说:“我信仰你和启示你的那位。”《  阿布达乌德圣训》4449

阿布胡莱拉叙述:安拉使者说:太阳升起的最好日子是星期五;亚当就是在这一天被创造的……卡布说:那是每年的一天。所以我说:那是每个星期五。卡布读了《托拉》说:安拉使者说的是实话。《阿布达乌德  圣训》第 3 卷,第 1041 号

这些无可争议的圣训告诉我们先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 对圣经的态度。第一条圣训告诉我们,《引支勒》是存在的,当他第一次接到召唤时,它就已经存在了。第二条圣训告诉我们,犹太人用希伯来语向早期穆斯林社区宣读《讨拉特》。先知 (PBUH) 对他们的文本没有异议。相反,他对他们用阿拉伯语对它的解释漠不关心(既不肯定也不否定) 。接下来的两条圣训说,先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 使用《讨拉特》来仲裁决定。最后一条圣训表明,《讨拉特》被用来验证先知穆罕默德关于人类创造日的说法(即,那是星期五)。在这种情况下,《讨拉特》被用来检查先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 本人的教义。早期信徒以这种方式使用《讨拉特》意味着它一定是真实的。 

这些圣训都没有暗示过先知的同伴们认为圣经文本被篡改了。

《引支勒》(新约)最早的手稿

我有一本关于最早的新约圣经(引支勒)手稿的书。它是这样开头的:

“本书提供了 69 份最早的新约手稿的抄本……年代可追溯到公元 2 世纪初至 4 世纪初(公元 100-300 年)……约占新约文本的 2/3”P. Comfort,《最早的新约希腊手稿文本》。序言第 17 页。2001 年

这很重要,因为这些手稿是在罗马皇帝君士坦丁(约公元 325 年)之前写的。有人推测他可能修改了圣经的文本。为了验证这个想法,我们只需将君士坦丁之前的文本(因为我们有这些文本)与后来的文本进行比较。但它们没有显示出任何差异。君士坦丁没有改变圣经的文本。

同样,这些和其他圣经手稿都是在先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 之前很久就制作的。世界各地有数千份公元 600 年之前的手稿。有些是在先知生活的几百年前复制的我们今天仍然有它们。圣训表明,先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 和他的同伴将他们在公元 600 年拥有的圣经作为真实文本。如果那些是真实的,并且所有副本几乎相同,那么圣经文本就不可能改变。

甚至基督徒修改这些文本的想法也毫无意义。分散的人们不可能就这些修改达成一致。即使阿拉伯人做出了修改,他们的副本与叙利亚和欧洲等兄弟的副本之间的差异也会变得显而易见。但手稿副本在世界各地和各个时代都是相同的。《古兰经》和圣训都明确支持公元 600 年存在的圣经文本。今天使用的圣经是基于在此之前和之后很久的手稿。这些手稿基本上是相同的。因此,今天的圣经不可能被破坏。下面的时间表说明了这一点,显示了圣经的文本基础如何早于公元 600 年。

最早的《讨拉特》和《宰逋尔》手稿

最早的《讨拉特》和《宰逖尔》手抄本可以追溯到更早。1948 年,人们在死海发现了卷轴集,被称为死海古卷。这些卷轴构成了整本《讨拉特》和《宰逖尔》,可追溯到公元前 200-100 年。这意味着我们拥有的《讨拉特》的副本早于先知伊萨·麦西哈 (PBUH) 和穆罕默德 (PBUH) 之前。他们都公开使用并认可了他们拥有的《讨拉特》和《宰逖尔》。因此,我们可以确信这些先知的第一批书籍也没有被破坏。我们在这里从科学的角度探讨这一切对《先知书》的可靠性(或不变性)意味着什么。

先知穆罕默德 (PBUH) 在圣训中的证言,以及圣经手稿的背景知识,都指向与古兰经中的证言相同的结论。圣经的文本没有被破坏,也没有改变。为什么不理解真主从亚当的迹象开始的信息呢?

当今圣经的手稿(al kitab)——来自很久以前
当今圣经(al kitab)的手稿——来自很久以前

24 thoughts on “《引支勒》被篡改了!《圣训》怎么说?”

  1. After Quruan was revealved All other books were cancelled. Allah says in Quruan (( And whoever desires other than Islam as religion – never will it be accepted from him, and he, in the Hereafter, will be among the losers.))(3:85)
    and
    ((This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion.))(5:3)
    dear brother i invite u to islam, its the only way to success.

      1. a MUSLIM myself I know Ibraheem’s view to be very widespread. A VIEW OF IGNORANCE.

        NOW I HAVE A QUESTION FOR IBRAHIM: YOU WROTE TRANSLATED WORDS FROM THE RECITATION (QUR’AN) IN YOUR POST: BUT WHY DO YOU OMIT TO TRANSLATE THE WORD ISLAAM.

        IF YOU WOULD, YOU WOULD UNDERSTAND THAT THE ONLY WAY TO THE DOMINION OF ALLAH IS BY SUBMISSION. THIS CANNOT BE OTHERWISE, IT IS IN THE NATURE OF ALLAH BEING ALL-POWERFUL. SO ANYONE SUBMITTED IN HIS HEART WILL CERTAINLY REACH ALLAH. THIS INCLUDES FOLLOWING HIS COMMANDMENTS. IT DOES NOT CANCEL THEM.

        1. Thank you Sabilah for your comment.

          To submit to God is a requirement. James, the brother of the prophet Isa al Masih (PBUH), wrote in the Injil that

          Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you. Come near to God and he will come near to you. Wash your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded. (James 4:7-8)

          But it is hard to submit when we do not understand all what He has revealed

    1. the fact is a inji is the gospel that muslims are required to recite. jesus was born of a virgin and the gospels say that jesus is divine so the fact is a christian can make it into a muslim heaven a muslim cannot make it into christian heaven.

  2. The only Ouran is accepting , respecting to the other Religion, Its the newest being religion than the others, so it s the most truth knowledges, it s the religion of today’s..So we can understand what s the true, and where is…….

    1. Hi Arzu. Thank you for your comment. And I appreciate what you are saying. But even in any domain of knowledge (eg physics, literature etc), the diligent student must learn the basic foundational knowledge before he can understand the more advanced. Before you can truly understand calculus you must know algebra, and to know algebra you need to know multiplication. In the same way, the prophet Isa al Masih pbuh constantly referred back to the earlier Taurat when he was revealing the Injil (see latter part of article here). These hadith show the same from the prophet Mohamed pbuh. So is it not worthwhile to learn and understand the earlier revelations? What do we have to lose?

  3. dear sir
    i m just a student of the teachers like u but talking about the corruption n our previous holy books by people is quite clear n Quran.
    i cant exactly quote but like ” the use to take limited money to change the words of Allah” and like the use to take limited money and says wrong that these words r from Allah”
    plzzzz guide

    khalid khan
    ur student

    1. You are probably referring to Surah Baqarah around ayah 90 where the Jews are accused of saying different things to the prophet Muhammad (PBUH). But since they are Jews talking to prophet Muhammad this is around the years 620 – 630 AD western calendar. This is more than a thousand years after Taurat and Zabur were written so that has nothing to do with changing the previous books. It would be like today in 2015 a Sunni accusing a shiite of twisting the words of the quran and saying wrong things. That means they are misunderstanding or misapplying or wrong teaching. But it cannot mean that they are changing the actual text of the quran. That text has been set for over thousand years. No one can change it now because it has been set. In the same way, disagreements in 620 AD has nothing to do with changing the actual words that were set for a thousand years before. Does this make sense?

  4. I am relieved to see this, however in my little knowledge the encylopedia Britainica gives the time lines when & what changes have been made i.e King Johns version & the Apocrypha being expunged.
    I also have a copy of Time mag. questioning Is The Bible True Word of God.
    my query is also un answered: is the old testament (pentatush) five books identical to the Hebrew text of Torah ?

    1. Great question. For sure here in West everything about Prophets is questioned inc. Bible and Quran. Yes the 5 books of Moses is identical to Hebrew Torah. Here is a link to Genesis 1 in Hebrew. This is Hebrew Torah text of pentateuch.

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